The symmetry breaking in 2D materials can be engineered by a wide variety of physical and chemical approaches. Most of the fascinating physical phenomena in 2D materials are dictated by their underlying symmetry breaking, namely, the breaking of inversion, rotational, time-reversal and gauge symmetries. In this Technical Review, we focus on the recent progress on engineering the breaking of inversion, rotational, time-reversal and gauge symmetries in 2D layered materials, and present our perspectives on how these may lead to new physics and applications. Indeed, over the past 15 years, a wide variety of physical, structural and chemical approaches have been developed to engineer the symmetry breaking of 2D layered materials. Engineering symmetry breaking of 2D layered materials not only offers extraordinary opportunities to tune their physical properties but also provides unprecedented possibilities to introduce completely new physics and technological innovations in electronics, photonics and optoelectronics. All such rights are reserved.Symmetry breaking in 2D layered materials plays a significant role in their macroscopic electrical, optical, magnetic and topological properties, including, but not limited to, spin-polarization effects, valley-contrasting physics, nonlinear Hall effects, nematic order, ferroelectricity, Bose–Einstein condensation and unconventional superconductivity. The publication is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, laws and treaties around the world. We are the owner or the licensee of all intellectual property rights in the publication. We make no representations, warranties or guarantees, whether express or implied, that the content in our publication is accurate, complete or up to date and to the fullest extent permitted by law all liability is excluded. You must obtain professional or specialist advice before taking, or refraining from, any action on the basis of the content in our publication. It is not intended to amount to advice on which you should rely. The information and material contained in this publication is for educational, research and information purposes only. The electronic international standard serial numbers (EISSN) for Nature Reviews Physics is 2522-5820. The correct abbreviation for abstracting and indexing purposes is Nat. General editorial enquiries and correspondence should be addressed to the Editor, at about the status of a manuscript should be addressed to the Editorial Assistant, at enquire about institutional access, advertising or marketing please contact the appropriate department. For information on their research backgrounds and scientific interests, see About the Editors. Instead, all editorial decisions are made by a dedicated team of full-time professional editors. Like the other Nature titles, Nature Reviews Physics has no external, academic editors. We publish a range of content types: Reviews, Perspectives, Roadmaps, Technical Reviews, Expert Recommendations, Comments, Editorials, Research Highlights, Features and News & Views that elaborate on significant advances in the field and cover topical issues. Therefore, authors should make every effort to ensure that the page proofs are correct. Note that papers published online are definitive and may be altered only through the publication of a Corrigendum or Erratum. This enables us to publish review-type articles as soon as they are ready, which benefits authors with an earlier publication date and gives our readers access to accepted papers several weeks before they would appear in a specific issue. ![]() Nature Reviews Physics is an exclusively online publication. ![]() To learn more about Nature Reviews, check out this animation and the Nature Reviews page. You can also find a summary of the editorial input and checks here. Nature Reviews Physics is part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals. Read more about the article types and the publication process at Nature Reviews Physics here. We are interested in the best research from across the fields of physics, with our broad scope ensuring that the work published reaches the widest possible audience. ![]() Nature Reviews Physics is a new online-only reviews journal, publishing monthly from January 2019.
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